• Abbreviated as EGD
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is an endoscopic procedure that provides direct visualization of upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Additionally, biopsies and therapeutic interventions can be provided as indicated.

(Ahlawat 2020, Early 2012)

• Upper abdominal pain with warning signs including weight loss and anorexia
• vomiting that is persistent and unexplained
• Hematemesis
• Dysphagia
• Odynophagia
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) unresponsive to medical therapy
• Upper GI bleeding
• Iron deficiency anemia with normal colonoscopy
• Chronic diarrhea or malabsorption
• Caustic ingestion
• Portal hypertension for assessment/treatment of esophageal varices
• Unexplained irritability in pediatric population
• Pre-malignancy surveillance including Barrett's esophagus, polyposis syndromes, gastric adenomas, previous caustic ingestion
• Malignancy surveillance

• Upper GI bleeding control
• Esophageal variceal ligation
• Foreign body removal
• Feeding tube placement
• Stricture dilation or stenting
• Botulinum toxin injection for achalasia

(Ahlawat 2020, Early 2012)

• Bowel perforation
• Peritonitis

• Severe neutropenia
• Severe thrombocytopenia
• Coagulopathy
• Increased risk of perforation from pre-existing conditions, recent surgery, or bowel obstruction

(Ahlawat 2020)

• Ahlawat R, Pastorino A, Ross AB. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. Last updated 2020-02-24 and retrieved on 2020-04-19.
• Early DS, Ben-Menachem T, Decker GA. Appropriate use of GI endoscopy (open-access). Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 2012;75(6):1127-1131. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2012.01.011